This article is suitable for those who are beginners at video formats. It explains some popular video formats and introduces the way to handle with them.
Although we come into contract with videos every day, the file extensions and their associated formats still confused most of people. Through the website, you can easily find the useful information about the format which you want to know in detail. However, to beat out all the formats clearly is not an easy job. As time goes on, more and more video formats are developed in order to meet the high needs for people.
There are many different classifications for video formats because of its various in kind. Generally speaking, the video formats are always classified into video and streaming video format. As we know, VCD is a kind of video. The streaming video format becomes the latest format due to the rapid development of Internet. Playing videos online is the framework in streaming video technology.
To be honest, I am not an expert in video formats. Sometimes I have the same troublesome as you. Even so, I would like to share some basic knowledge which I spend a lot of time on collating with you. Sincerely hope these information can help you. This article puts emphasis on introducing basic knowledge of some popular video formats which we always contract with in our daily life.
| AVI | FLV | F4V | MPG | M4V | 3GP | MP4 | MOV | TS | M2TS |
| MTS | MKV | MOD | TOD | DV | ASF | DAT | VOB | NSV | WMV |
AVI is a multimedia container format which can contain video and audio data in a file container that allows synchronous audio-with-video playback. This format serves us for a long time developed by Microsoft. It takes a lossy compression way for video files so that the compression rate is high. Despite the picture quality is not perfect, the application of AVI is still widely used on multimedia CD-ROM or to preserve a variety of image information for films.
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FLV is a container file format which is widely used in website to deliver video. Actually, Flash Video contains two different kinds of video file formats: FLV and F4V. Compared with F4V, FLV file format has some functional limits, when streaming H.264 or AAC which could not be overcome without a redesign of the file format.
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F4V is the latest format of Flash Video. Because of FLV disadvantages, Adobe developed a new standard format F4V. Based on the ISO base media file format, F4V is supported starting with Flash Player 9 update 3. Due to the H.264 encoding, F4V can achieve higher resolution and bit rate in the same volume compared with FLV.
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MPG is a video format standardized by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), typically incorporates MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 audio and video compression. MPG videos have the file extension .MPG. This file format is widely used for Video-CD and CD-i media.
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M4V is a file container format similar with MP4 format, which is used by Apple's iTunes application. The differences between two of them are the optional Apple's DRM copyright protection and the treatment of AC3 audio which is not standardized for MP4 container. M4V video stream is H.264 and audio coding using AAC.
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3GP is a 3GPP file format used on 3G mobile phone or some 2G and 4G phones. The Third Generation Partnership Project defined it as a multimedia container format for 3G UMTS multimedia services. In other words, 3GP maybe a simplified version of MP4 format, which reduce the storage space and bandwidth requirements so that mobile phone can use the the limited storage space to play videos.
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MP4 is a multimedia container format used to store digital video and digital audio streams. MPEG-4 files use .mp4 extension as the only official filename extension. In addition, MP4 can be considered as MP4 player which refers to play audio, video, radio, etc.
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MOV is a kind of QuickTime File format developed by Apple company. Commonly, it is a video and audio format used for storing digital media types. It plays in a perfect quality but the files sizes are always too big. At present, QuickTime exist on almost all PCs by different version, MOV has not been played on Mac only.
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TS is a standard format for transmission and storage of audio, video and is used by high definition camcorders. TS specifies a container format encapsulation packeted elementary streams, with error correction and stream synchronization features for maintaining transmission integrity when the signal is degraded.
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M2TS refers to the Blu-ray Disc Audio-Video MPEF-2 Transport Stream container file format. The recording files in the AVCHD directory display as MTS files. With PMB converting to computer hard disk, MTS will be changed into M2TS. Based on the MPEG-2 transport stream container, M2TS is widely used in the area of multiplexing audio, video and other streams.
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MTS is a new high definition digital video format recording by Sony camcorder and other brand camcorders. It uses H.264 video codec and adopts AC-3 audio codec. The MTS file support 1080i and 720p. Although this format owns a high quality, the compatibility and file size is poor compared with other formats.
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Matroska is a latest multimedia encapsulating format, also called as multimedia container. It can encapsulate a variety of different coding videos, more than 16 different formats audio and different language subtitle stream into a Matroska Media file. The most important feature is that it is compatible with all the coding videos, audios and subtitle stream. In other words, MKV is a container format for these videos and audios.
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MOD is a digital tapeless video format recording by JVC, Panasonic and Canon in some models of digital camcorders. By now, the format was never given an official name. Someone thinks that MOD is used exclusively for standard definition video files. MOD is similar with DVD video in encoding scheme, data rate, frame rate and frame size. Actually, MOD files can be easily authored for watching on a DVD player without recompression. This format is fully compatible with DVD video standard.
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In fact, both TOD and MOD are informal names of tapeless video formats used by JVC. JVC was the only supporter of TOD format. Panasonic has never released a consumer high definition camcorder that used TOD recording format. Some people consider that TOD stands for Transport stream on disk. Generally speaking, TOD format is comparable with AVCHD, but can not be directly played on consumer video equipment. Media files must be packaged into distribution formats like HD, DVD, or Blu-ray Disc, using authoring software.
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DV is a format for camcorders to record and playback. This format is created by a consortium of 10 companies involved: Panasonic, Sony, JVC, Philips and other famous firms. It uses intraframe compression for video scheme. Audio is stored uncompressed.
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ASF is abbreviation of Advanced Streaming Format, which is a digital audio and video container format developed by Microsoft. Especially for streaming format associated with Windows Media Player. ASF format contains audio, video, image and control command script data. It is based on serialized objects. One of the objectives of ASF was to support playback from digital media severs, HTTP servers, and local storage devices. At present, it can be exchanged with WMA and WMV.
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Digital Audio Tape(DAT) is a signal recording and playback medium primary developed by HP and Sony companies. DAT is a data stream format of VCD. Compared with CD, DAT obviously record at higher, equal or lower sampling rate. In the "MPEGAV" or "AVSEQ01" folders you can find DAT files at ease. Sometimes, DAT file is considered as a MPG format, which generated by the process of VCD burning software automatically converting the MPEG-1 files that fit for the VCD standard.
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VOB stands for Video Object, which is a container format in DVD-Video media. Based on MPEG-2 program stream format and video data, VOB contains the actual video, audio, subtitle, menu and navigation contents into a stream form. VOB files are a part of MPEG program stream standard. However, not all MPEG program streams comply with the definition for VOB files.
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NSV stands for Nullsoft Streaming Video developed by Nullsoft the maker of Winamp. It is a media container designed for streaming video content over the Internet. Generally speaking, NSV is a kind of streaming video format. Many companies and media players offer this format. MPlayer, VLC, Winamp, RealPlayer and more support NSV files.
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Depend on ASF format updating, WMV is a new streaming media format developed by Microsoft. This video compression format was originally designed for Internet streaming applications due to tits smaller size compared with others in the same video quality. By now, WMV 9 has gained adoption for physical delivery formats such as HD DVD and Blu-ray Disc.
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Most of popular video formats are briefly mentioned above. It is impossible to describe these video formats clearly in an article. Therefore, in this article I can only introduce the basic knowledge of these video file formats. If you have any troublesome with these formats, you can go to the link to see more information about the way on dealing with them. It will help you to solve the difficulties efficiently.